Lawn grid: A modern solution for the urban landscape

Lawn grid or eco-paving (permeable paver system) <TAG1> it is a type of road surface consisting of concrete or plastic blocks with special holes through which grass can grow.

The essence of the lawn grid lies in its modular structure, which forms a strong but permeable coating. These modular elements can be made of two main materials: concrete or plastic.

1. Concrete lawn grating is the most common type. It is made of high-strength concrete and has characteristic cavities —, often in the form of honeycombs, crosses or rectangles, — which are later filled with fertile soil and then sown with grass.

2. Plastic lawn grid made mainly of recycled or virgin high density polyethylene (HDPE). It is much lighter than concrete analogues, which significantly simplifies its transportation and installation. Plastic gratings withstand significant temperature fluctuations, some have a flexible structure, thanks to which they better adapt to terrain irregularities.

The main principle of operation of the lawn grid is based on ensuring permeability. Instead of creating a continuous, watertight surface that directs the entire volume of rainwater to the city's sewer system, the lawn grid allows water to gradually seep through the soil-filled openings. This process is effective due to the presence of a specially prepared drainage layer (made of crushed stone, sand) located under the grid, which accumulates and filters water before its further penetration into the lower layers of the soil.

From an ecological point of view, such a grid contributes to the reduction of the surface runoff of rainwater, which is one of the most important advantages. Water is absorbed into the soil, reducing the load on drainage systems, preventing floods and soil erosion. The coating helps reduce the effect of «urban heat island», as grass and soil absorb significantly less solar radiation compared to asphalt or concrete.

From a functional point of view, the lawn grid has high strength and load-bearing capacity, which allows you to create surfaces suitable for regular car movement, parking, use by fire and other services. Drainage prevents the formation of water stagnation on the surface, and the system stabilizes the soil, protecting it from trampling, compaction and erosion in areas with heavy traffic.

Watering is critical, especially during the rooting stage during the first 4–6 weeks. If seeds have been used, watering should be daily or every other day, keeping the soil in a permanently wet state for successful germination and rooting. For a rolled lawn, daily watering is necessary until it fully takes root, it is important that water penetrates deeply into all cells. For already rooted grass, watering becomes less frequent but more abundant, similar to caring for a regular lawn — 2–3 times a week in hot and dry weather. Optimal time for watering — early morning.

Grass mowing should be done regularly as soon as it reaches the desired height. For lawn grates, the recommended mowing height is slightly higher than for a perfect lawn, about 5–7 cm. This helps protect the grass root system from overheating and mechanical damage, and helps to better retain moisture in the soil, so it is important to avoid mowing too low.

Due to the limited volume of soil in the cells, grass in the lawn grid may require additional nutrition. In the spring, it is worth applying starter fertilizers with a high nitrogen content to activate growth and ensure a rich green color. In summer, if necessary, complex fertilizers can be used. In autumn, be sure to apply fertilizers with high potassium and phosphorus content, which will help the grass prepare for the winter period and strengthen the root system. It is recommended that slow release granular fertilizers be used to ensure an even and long-term supply of nutrients, always strictly following the manufacturer's instructions.

Weed control is another important aspect, as weeds compete with the lawn for space, water, and nutrients. Manual weeding is the most effective method for small areas — remove weeds as soon as they appear, especially before they bloom and form seeds. For large areas, selective herbicides may be used, specifically for lawns that destroy weeds without harming the grass; however, it is extremely important to read the instructions for the medicine carefully and strictly follow the recommended dosage.

Over time, the soil in the cells of the lawn grid may settle or wash out under the influence of rains or traffic. Therefore, periodically, 1–2 times a year or as needed, a mixture of soil, sand and compost should be poured into the cells. A mixture of 70 % sand and 30 % compost is usually used. After filling, evenly distribute the material with a rake and water for compaction.

Clean the surface of the lawn grid from fallen leaves, branches, dirt and other debris. Clogging of holes prevents the penetration of water and air, and can create favorable conditions for the growth of weeds or the development of fungal diseases. A rake, broom or blower can be used for cleaning.

When operating, it is important to control the load and use. The lawn grid is designed to withstand significant loads, but try to evenly distribute the movement of cars over the entire area to avoid excessive soil compaction in certain places and prevent premature wear of the grid. Avoid heavy vehicles standing in one place for long periods of time, especially in hot weather, as this can cause «burnout» grass. Heavy construction equipment should also not be used, which can damage the structure of the grid. Constantly monitor the efficiency of the drainage system located under the lawn grid. If, after intense rain, water stagnates on the surface for a long time, this may indicate problems with the drainage layer, such as compaction or clogging. In such cases, specialist consultation may be required.

Regarding winter care, avoid using metal shovels or heavy snow removal machines that can damage the grass or the lattice structure itself, it is better to use plastic shovels or light snow removal equipment. Also, if possible, do not allow the formation of large, long-lasting piles of snow in one area, as this may contribute to the washing of grass.