What is best practice in programming?

Best practice in programming, indicates recommendations and methods that are considered optimal or effective for achieving certain goals in software development. These practices are based on industry experience and expertise and may change over time depending on technology development and industry requirements.

Readable code. You need to write code that is easy to read and understand. Use clear variable and function names, follow code conventions. The code should be clear not only to you, but also to all other people who will work with it.

Using comments. Add comments to explain complex or non-obvious code. Comments should be informative and useful.

Modularity. Divide the code into small modules and features to make it easier to maintain.

Code testing. Write tests to check the functionality of your code. Automated tests can make it easier to detect and fix errors. It takes a long time to write tests, but at the moment it is easier. Smart IDEs, copylots, etc. write good test skeletons and save a lot of time.

Efficiency. Write effective code that works quickly and uses resources economically. Use profilers to see the number of requests to the database or the volume of RAM consumption. Do not neglect volume testing on QA servers.

Safety. Follow best practice on software security. For example, monitoring library vulnerabilities from your Gemfile.

Using a distributed version control system. Use version control systems (such as Git) to track changes in your code and collaborate with other developers.

Documentation. Write clear and understandable documentation for your code, including feature descriptions, usage, and possible customizations.