Who are modan boi and modan garu?

The terms "modan boi" and "modan garu" are variants of romanization of Japanese words that literally mean "modern boy" and "modern girl." These expressions are used to describe young people who follow contemporary fashions and trends, especially in the context of Japanese culture. They can refer to both clothing style and general life views and behaviors that reflect more globalized and modern influences. The terms originated in Japan during the rise of urban culture and modernization. They became popular in the 1920s and 1930s, in an era known in Japan as the Taisho period (1912-1926). During this time, Japan experienced intense westernization and modernization in many areas of life, including technology, education, industry, and culture. Japan's capital, Tokyo, and especially the Ginza district, became centers of fashion and youth culture. "Modan garu" became a popular symbol of new female identities that moved away from traditional roles and sought education, self-expression, and participation in public life. Women began to wear Western clothing, engage in sports, and participate in urban entertainment. "Modan boi" also symbolized the modern, young Japanese person who was open to Western ideas and lifestyles.