Boss — is a decorative boss on a ceiling, wall, or sculpture.
What materials can it be made of, and where can it be found?
It can be made from various materials such as stone, wood, or metal, and is used as a decorative element. Bosses are often found on the ceilings of buildings, especially on keystones at the intersections of ribbed vaults.
Замковий камінь ребристого склепіння з босом (boss) у костелі Св. Марії в Хелмно, Польща. "Джерело - Вікіпедія"
What does a "Boss" look like?
In Gothic architecture, such ceiling bosses are often elegantly carved with floral ornamentation, heraldic elements, or other decorative images. Many depict animals, birds, or human figures or faces, sometimes realistic but often grotesque (strange, fantastic, ugly): the Green Man is a common motif.
Green Man (Зелена людина). Листяна голова у формі аркуша аканта: консоль, що підтримує Бамберзького вершника, Бамберзький собор, Німеччина, початок 13 століття. "Джерело - Вікіпедія"
For example, the Romanesque Norwich Cathedral in Norfolk, United Kingdom, has the largest number of painted carved stone bosses in the world; it is a large and diverse collection of over a thousand individual pieces. Many of these decorated bosses still have their original gilding and pigments from the time they were created.
Норвічський собор: середньовічні кам'яні боси. "Джерело - norfolkheritageopendays"
Листяна людина. Boss у східній частині монастиря, 1310–1314 рр. "Джерело - Вікіпедія"
